Introduction to Algorithms, Second Edition

Thomas H. Cormen

Charles E. Leiserson

Ronald L. Rivest

Clifford Stein

The MIT Press

Cambridge , Massachusetts London, England

McGraw-Hill Book Company

Boston Burr Ridge , IL Dubuque , IA Madison , WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Montréal Toronto

This book is one of a series of texts written by faculty of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was edited and produced by The MIT Press under a joint production-distribution agreement with the McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Ordering Information:

North America

Text orders should be addressed to the McGraw-Hill Book Company. All other orders should be addressed to The MIT Press.

Outside North America

All orders should be addressed to The MIT Press or its local distributor.

First edition 1990

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher.

This book was printed and bound in the United States of America.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Introduction to algorithms / Thomas H. Cormen ... [et al.].-2nd ed.
    p. cm.
  Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-262-03293-7 (hc.: alk. paper, MIT Press).-ISBN 0-07-013151-1 (McGraw-Hill)

1. Computer programming. 2. Computer algorithms. I. Title: Algorithms. II. Cormen, Thomas H.

QA76.6 I5858 2001

005.1-dc21

2001031277