Tue. Mar 19th, 2024

HTML Forms and Input

HTML Forms are used to select different kinds of user input.

HTML Forms

HTML forms are used to pass data to a server.

An HTML form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons, submit buttons and more. A form can also contain select lists, textarea, fieldset, legend, and label elements.

The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form:

<form>
.
input elements
.
</form>

 


HTML Forms – The Input Element

The most important form element is the <input> element.

The <input> element is used to select user information.

An <input> element can vary in many ways, depending on the type attribute. An <input> element can be of type text field, checkbox, password, radio button, submit button, and more.

The most common input types are described below.


Text Fields

<input type=”text”> defines a one-line input field that a user can enter text into:

<form>
First name: <input type=”text” name=”firstname”><br>
Last name: <input type=”text” name=”lastname”>
</form>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser:

First name:
Last name: 

Note: The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of a text field is 20 characters.


Password Field

<input type=”password”> defines a password field:

<form>
Password: <input type=”password” name=”pwd”>
</form>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser:

Password: 

Note: The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).


Radio Buttons

<input type=”radio”> defines a radio button. Radio buttons let a user select ONLY ONE of a limited number of choices:

<form>
<input type=”radio” name=”sex” value=”male”>Male<br>
<input type=”radio” name=”sex” value=”female”>Female
</form>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser:

Male
Female

Checkboxes

<input type=”checkbox”> defines a checkbox. Checkboxes let a user select ZERO or MORE options of a limited number of choices.

<form>
<input type=”checkbox” name=”vehicle” value=”Bike”>I have a bike<br>
<input type=”checkbox” name=”vehicle” value=”Car”>I have a car
</form>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser:

I have a bike
I have a car

Submit Button

<input type=”submit”> defines a submit button.

A submit button is used to send form data to a server. The data is sent to the page specified in the form’s action attribute. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input:

<form name=”input” action=”html_form_action.asp” method=”get”>
Username: <input type=”text” name=”user”>
<input type=”submit” value=”Submit”>
</form>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser:

Username: 

If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the “Submit” button, the browser will send your input to a page called “html_form_action.asp”. The page will show you the received input.


HTML Form Tags

New : New tags in HTML5.

Tag Description
<form> Defines an HTML form for user input
<input> Defines an input control
<textarea> Defines a multiline input control (text area)
<label> Defines a label for an <input> element
<fieldset> Groups related elements in a form
<legend> Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element
<select> Defines a drop-down list
<optgroup> Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list
<option> Defines an option in a drop-down list
<button> Defines a clickable button
<datalist>New Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls
<keygen>New Defines a key-pair generator field (for forms)
<output>New Defines the result of a calculation

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